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Investigations by Italian authorities identified the production area of implicated vegetables as the Province of Salerno, in the Campania Region, an area known for intensive buffalo farming. A study published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health revealed that field investigations were conducted between November 2024 and January 2025 by local and regional authorities to assess potential sources of environmental contamination in the area surrounding the greenhouses linked to the outbreak. Positives from buffaloes At the end of 2024, during the epidemiological investigation by veterinarians in the three buffalo farms within the 1-km radius surrounding the manure storage tank, buffalo calves with enteric symptoms were identified. Ultimately, broader access to epidemiological and microbiological data could greatly improve the speed and effectiveness of outbreak investigations, enabling the rapid identification of the origin of epidemics and immediate interruption of transmission chains, thereby protecting human, animal, and environmental health." (To sign up for a free subscription to Food Safety News, click here)"