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For the modeling study, a team led by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine analyzed data from more than 12 million blood tests for bacterial infections conducted in 29 European countries from 2010 through 2019, then used the data to project BSI incidence rates by age and sex through 2050, fitting the models across 38 bacteria-antibiotic combinations. The study builds on previous work by the team showing that BSI prevalence in Europe is strongly determined by the age and sex of the patient. With substantial sub- and national-variation, the consistency and clear shape of some relationships provide evidence for the inclusion of age and sex in any predictions of future AMR [antimicrobial resistance] burden," the study authors wrote. Even with strong public health actions, they found that achieving a 10% reduction in BSI incidence by 2030 was only possible for two thirds of the bacteria-antibiotic combinations Age and sex are still rarely considered in antimicrobial resistance projections, yet they make a real difference to who is most affected."