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We describe 3 cases of extensively drug-resistant Shigella sonnei infections among men who have sex with men in Los Angeles, CA. Using whole-genome sequencing, we determined that they are highly genetically related, exhibit similar antimicrobial resistomes, and appear to be distinct from other circulating strains. These cases highlight the rapid expansion of extensively drug-resistant Shigella in the United States and the urgent need for appropriate detection and management.